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| 以学术为业还是以市场为业——博士生职业选择的变化、原因及启示 |
| Academia or Market: Changes, Causes and Implications of Career Choice of Doctoral Students |
| 投稿时间：2018-12-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 职业选择;博士生;学术职业;非学术职业 |
| 英文关键词: career choice;doctoral students;academic profession;nonacademic profession |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金"十三五"规划2016年度教育学一般课题"基于指导方式的博士培养质量研究"（BIA160119） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 何菲 | 北京师范大学 教育管理学院, 北京 100875 | | 朱志勇 | 北京师范大学 教育管理学院, 北京 100875 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 传统而言，博士生毕业后继续从事学术工作。但是这一现象正在发生改变，博士毕业生开始谋求非学术职业，其中理工科的比例更高。这一变化的首要原因是社会对知识和人力资本的强烈需求，博士生能力提升项目与市场化的求职意愿也推动更多毕业生进入工商业界。我国博士生教育的可能走向是实行博士生教育分流机制：亲学院派保持博士生培养传统，亲市场派满足社会需求。同时，改革博士生培养方案与扩招应用型理工科博士生也是两大趋势。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Traditionally, doctoral students usually continue academic work after graduation. But this phenomenon has changed, for they now also seek non-academic careers, particular the PhDs in science and engineering, and the proportion is obviously high. The primary reason for this change is the strong demand for knowledge and human capital in the society. In addition, the ability improvement projects for doctoral graduates and the willingness of them to apply for jobs in the market also drive more PhDs to enter the business sector. The trend of the doctoral student education in China will probably go two directions:academic-oriented schools that may continue traditional doctoral student cultivation and the market-oriented schools that train doctoral students to meet the need of the society. At the same time, further reform of doctoral training programs and the enrollment expansion for doctoral students majoring in applied science and engineering could also be two major trends. |
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