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| 导师指导与博士生专业素养的发展:自主性的调节作用 |
| Autonomous Adjustment Function: Supervisors' Guidance and Development of Doctoral Students' Academic Attainment |
| 投稿时间：2018-12-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 指导关系;专业素养;自主性;调节作用 |
| 英文关键词: guidance relationship;academic attainment;autonomy;regulating effect |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 杜嫱 | 北京大学 教育学院, 北京 100871 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 博士生教育作为最高层次的高等教育，其重要性不言而喻。在博士生教育中，导师指导发挥着不可替代的作用。本文探讨导师指导与博士生自主性在其专业素养发展中的作用。通过分析全国24所高校的《高校博士生发展状况调查》数据，得到如下结论：（1）48%的博士生认为导师对自己的指导关系为"权威指导型"，52%的博士生认为属于"伙伴合作型"；（2）不同指导关系下，导师的指导行为存在显著差异；（3）导师的支持指导、博士生的自主性对博士生专业素养具有促进作用，而控制指导具有抑制作用。交互作用显示，在支持指导下，博士生的自主性更能够促进其专业素养的发展；（4）在权威指导关系下，博士生学术热情消退的比例更高，这与导师指导不利有关；（5）伙伴合作型的博士生对导师关注品行引导、关注健康方面具有较高的期待，而权威指导型的博士生对层级关系平等和不要沦为廉价劳动力具有更强烈的诉求。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The doctoral education is at the top level of higher learning education and its importance is self-evident. In doctoral education, supervisors play an irreplaceable role in tutoring. This paper explores the role of the guidance of supervisors and the autonomy of the doctoral students in their development of academic attainment. By analyzing the data from 24 higher learning institutions in the "Survey on the Development of Doctoral Students at Universities", the author finds:(1)in terms of the guidance relationship, 48% of the doctoral students believe the guidance of their supervisors is "authoritative" and 52% of them believe "partner-like cooperative"; (2) in different guidance relationships the behaviors of the supervisors in tutoring are evidently different; (3) the supportive guidance of supervisors and the autonomy of doctoral students are encouraging to the development of the academic attainment of the students, while the control guidance is suppressive. The interaction shows that under the supportive guidance, the autonomy of doctoral students can promote the development of their academic attainment; (4) under the authoritative guidance, the proportion of doctoral students whose academic enthusiasm declines is even higher, which is related to the adverse guidance; (5) doctoral students in the partner-like cooperative guidance relationship have high expectation for their supervisor, expecting them to give more guidance to their conducts and pay more attention to their health, while doctoral students in the authoritative guidance relationship complain strongly against hierarchical relationship and the treatment to them as they are cheap laborers. |
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